This first continuing professional development article in this 2-part series on decision-making explores this process in prehospital and paramedic practice and the complex world of how clinicians make decisions in often challenging and time-critical situations in prehospital settings. It gives a brief overview of the neuroanatomy involved in decision-making, problem-solving and critical thinking as well as Bloom's taxonomy and its application to prehospital practice. While it is outside the remit of this paper to incorporate all theories regarding decision-making, it will explore some key concepts and frameworks around it.